{"id":240,"date":"2021-04-05T14:10:35","date_gmt":"2021-04-05T07:10:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/?p=240"},"modified":"2025-05-19T10:50:29","modified_gmt":"2025-05-19T03:50:29","slug":"amalgam-loai-vat-lieu-han-rang-chua-thuy-ngan-can-duoc-loai-bo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/en\/amalgam-loai-vat-lieu-han-rang-chua-thuy-ngan-can-duoc-loai-bo\/","title":{"rendered":"Amalgam \u2013 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n r\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Amalgam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n r\u0103ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n 150 n\u0103m cho h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (toxicteeth.org).<\/p>\n<p>Amalgam c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u201ctr\u00e1m b\u1ea1c\u201d v\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u00e0u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea3nh b\u1ea1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n r\u0103ng amalgam l\u00e0 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n (chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 50% &#8211; d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng), ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 20-35% l\u00e0 b\u1ea1c, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng, thi\u1ebfc v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-242 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/b1h1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"851\" height=\"315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/b1h1.png 851w, https:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/b1h1-300x111.png 300w, https:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/b1h1-768x284.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 1362px) 62vw, 840px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng amalgam l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nha s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m nha khoa, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, pha tr\u1ed9n amalgam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi h\u01a1i th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n tho\u00e1t ra trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t amalgam l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb s\u1ea3y thai, m\u1eafc c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 sinh s\u1ea3n \u1edf nha s\u0129, ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1 n\u1eef v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed nh\u1edb v\u00e0 tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a n\u00e3o nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh Alzheimer \u1edf c\u00e1c nha s\u0129 n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, khi v\u1ebft h\u00e0n r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng amalgam b\u1ecb n\u1ee9t (do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhai, nghi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c do va ch\u1ea1m, tai n\u1ea1n), th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n s\u1ebd theo v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u0111\u00f3 tho\u00e1t ra khoang mi\u1ec7ng, \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u00e1u, l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u1ebfn r\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 nhai k\u1eb9o cao su. T\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c WHO c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o., Ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n nh\u01b0: Gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh; t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e3o, th\u1eadn v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb; g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u00ed nh\u1edb; g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a (d\u1ea1y d\u00e0y, ru\u1ed9t), h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, th\u1ea7n kinh; \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c sinh \u0111\u1ebb; g\u00e2y r\u1ee5ng t\u00f3c; ung th\u01b0 da\u2026<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-245 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/b1h2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"520\" height=\"673\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/b1h2.jpg 520w, https:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/b1h2-232x300.jpg 232w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 520px) 85vw, 520px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n t\u1eeb amalgam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n<p>(Ngu\u1ed3n: T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, <em>Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, <\/em>3\/2017)<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng amalgam \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0n r\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u01a1i th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p amalgam v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfa t\u00e1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0n r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng amalgam g\u00e2y ra \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i amalgam t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m nha khoa b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng; ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0n r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng amalgam s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i amalgam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n ch\u00ednh g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt trong \u0111\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t. Sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian, th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i ng\u1ea5m v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 methyl th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt trong n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 methyl th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed3n d\u01b0 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi methyl th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-246 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/amalgam.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"590\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/amalgam.jpg 590w, https:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/amalgam-300x222.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 590px) 85vw, 590px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf nha khoa g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n<p><em>(Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/em><em>T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/em><em>,<\/em><em> Dental Amalgam highly toxic<\/em><em>)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Minamata v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ecfi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c t\u1eeb Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam tham gia k\u00fd k\u1ebft v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2013 t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Trong ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c A-II thu\u1ed9c C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Minamata v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n, amalgam thu\u1ed9c danh m\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n nh\u01b0 composite (tr\u00e1m s\u1ee9), glass ionomer, plastic ionomer, compomers, gold foil (m\u1ea1 v\u00e0ng)\u2026. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 nha s\u0129 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf amalgam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3. C\u00e1c nha s\u0129, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n nha khoa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u nha khoa n\u00ean ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng amalgam v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-247 size-full aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/b1h4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"614\" height=\"248\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/b1h4.jpg 614w, https:\/\/cchiphnvn.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/b1h4-300x121.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn composite thay v\u00ec amalgam (ch\u1ee9a 50% th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n)<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng amalgam trong h\u00e0n r\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nha s\u0129 cao tu\u1ed5i, tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng r\u0103ng l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0n \u0111i h\u00e0n l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0n r\u0103ng cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 nha s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an to\u00e0n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nha s\u0129, c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean trong ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m nha khoa, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0n r\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng amalgam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao. Theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 58\/2015 c\u1ee7a li\u00ean b\u1ed9 B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf\u00a0 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i Amalgam c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i y t\u1ebf nguy h\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe\u00a0 \u00a0\u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u00a0ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng amalgam, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7t Nam Kh\u00f4ng Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong Nha khoa.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Amalgam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n r\u0103ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n 150 n\u0103m cho h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (toxicteeth.org).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":246,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[19,11],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Amalgam \u2013 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u h\u00e0n r\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a Th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf | Trung t\u00e2m Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 Ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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